{"fact":"Crows aren't easily tricked into pecking a lighted key just because it predicts food, unlike pigeons. Only 3 out of 17 crows started pecking the key in a study using this 'autoshaping' method.","context":"Only 3 of 17 crows developed appreciable responding under autoshaping procedures similar to those which reliably engender responding in pigeons.","source":"Robert W. Powell; William Kelly; David Santisteban, Response-independent reinforcement in the crow: Failure to obtain autoshaping or positive automaintenance, 10.3758/bf03337554","index":34}