{"fact":"The New Caledonian crow’s bill shape, with a deep base and short length, maximizes its bite force at the tip, essential for holding tools securely.","context":"NCCs are likely to require a considerable bite force to securely hold a tool during probing activity and raw material during tool manufacture. Their bill must counteract moments and forces associated with tool use that would almost always be greater than the force acting on the tool tip. The NCC’s deeper upper mandible and shorter bill are both features that would act to increase bite force at the front of the bill.","source":"Hiroshi Matsui; Gavin R. Hunt; Katja Oberhofer; Naomichi Ogihara; Kevin J. McGowan; Kumar Mithraratne; Takeshi Yamasaki; Russell D. Gray; Ei-Ichi Izawa, Adaptive bill morphology for enhanced tool manipulation in New Caledonian crows, 10.1038/srep22776","index":424}